The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

The discovery of the Higgs boson provided insight into what gives elementary particles mass. The Higgs boson, a fundamental particle predicted by theorist Peter Higgs, is key to understanding why ...

Nobel and Templeton Prize-winning physicist Frank Wilczek explores the secrets of the cosmos. Read previous columns here. Electrons are the most elementary of elementary particles. In fundamental ...

Javier Duarte kicked off his scientific career by witnessing the biggest particle physics event in decades. On July 4, 2012, scientists at the laboratory CERN near Geneva announced the discovery of ...

Magnetic monopoles are elementary particles with isolated magnetic charges in three dimensions. In other words, they behave as isolated north or south poles of a magnet. Magnetic monopoles have ...

In its first moments, the infant universe was a trillion-degree-hot soup of quarks and gluons. These elementary particles ...

Everything around you – from tables and trees to distant stars and the great diversity of animal and plant life – is built from a small set of elementary particles. According to established scientific ...

In July 2012, physicists at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Europe triumphantly announced the discovery of the Higgs boson, the long-sought linchpin of the subatomic world. Interacting with Higgs ...

In the strange and fascinating world of quantum mechanics, particles have long been sorted into just two types: fermions and bosons. These labels help explain how matter forms and how forces work.